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1 AUÐR
I)a. empty, void, desolate; húsin voru auð, uninhabited; auð skip (= hroðin), empty ships, all the crew being slain or put to flight; a. af mönnum, void of people; a. at yndi, devoid of pleasure, cheerless.m. riches, wealth; auðr fjár, great wealth; auðr er valtastr vina, wealth is the ficklest of friends.* * *1.f. [Swed. ôde, fatum], fate, destiny, only used in poetry in the phrase, fá auðar, to die, Ísl. ii. 389 (in a verse); haga til auðar, to avail towards one’s happiness, Gísl. 59 (in a verse). Auðr is also a fem. pr. name.2.adj. [Ulf. auþs = ερημος; O. H. G. odi; Hel. odi = inanis: cp. A. S. ydan and édan, vastare; Germ, öde and öden: the root is rare in A. S. and lost in Engl.]:—empty, void, desert, desolate; húsin voru auð, uninhabited, Ld. 96; koma at auðu landi, of the first colonists when coming to Iceland, Landn. 316, opp. to ‘koma at bygðu landi,’ or ‘land numið;’ auð búð, Eg. 727; auð borð, void of defenders, of ships that have lost their men in fight, Fms. ii. 329; auð skip (= hroðin), all the crew being slain or put to flight, Hkr. iii. 126.β. metaph., auðr at yndi, cheerless, distressed, Stj. 421; sitja auðum höndum, now used of being idle: in the Ad. 22, með a. hendr means empty-handed, without gifts; so also in Stj. 437. I Sam. vi. 3, answering to ‘empty’ in the Engl. text.3.s, and poët. ar, m. [Goth. auds = μακαρία is suggested; it only appears in Ulf. in compds or derivatives, audags adj. beatus, audagei f. beatitudo, audagian, beare; A. S. eâd, n. means opes; Hel. od = bonum, possessio: it is probably akin to óðal; cp. also feudal (A. S. feoh = fee), alodial]:—riches, wealth, opulence; auð fjár (only in acc.), abundance, is a freq. phrase; also, auð landa ok fjár, Edda 15; oss er þar mikit af sagt auð þeim, Band. 8, Fms. ii. 80, 623. 21; draga saman auð, id. In proverbs, margan hefir auðr apat; auðrinn er valtastr vina, wealth is the ficklest of friends, Hm. 77 etc. -
2 RÚM
n.1) room, space (hvergi nær hafði þar r. lið þeirra); fá rúms, to get space; e-m liggr e-t í miklu rúmi, it is of great concern, importance to one;2) place, seat (Egill gekk til rúms þess, er dóttir jarlsins hafði setit um daginn);4) ‘room’ in a ship, one for each pair of rowers (mikit skip, þar vóru sex rúm ok tuttugu);5) space of time; þriggja daga r., a space of three days.* * *n. [Ulf. rúms = τόπος; common to all Teut. languages]:—room, space; hvergi nær hafði þar rúm lið þeirra, Eg. 276; gafsk honum svá rúm, 532; ok rúm hindrar þik eigi at vera hvar er þú vill, Stj. 136; fá rúms, to get space, Hm. 106: the phrase, e-m liggr e-t í miklu rúmi, it takes up much room, is of great concern, Fms. i. 208, iv. 80, Fas. iii. 522, Ld. 210, Al. 152; í léttu rúmi, of little concern: the saying, ekki fyllir annars rúm, i. e. everything has its own place.2. a room, seat, place, Am. 58; þeir skolu sitja á miðpalli, þar eigu biskupar várir rúm, Grág. i. 4; gef mér rúm, Fs. 52; ef þeir menn koma til lögréttu er þar eigu setur, en aðrir hafa sezk í rúm þeirra, þá skolu þeir beiða sér rúma, 5; búðar rúm, 24; ór lögsögu-manns rúmi at sjá, 26; Egill gékk til rúms þess er dóttir jarlsins hafði setið um daginn, en er menn skipuðusk í sæti sín, þá gékk jarls-dóttir at rúmi sínu, hón kvað—Hvat skaltú sveinn í sess minn! Eg. 248; hverr í sínu rúmi, Ld. 4; í biskups rúmi sá ek sitja, Bs. i. 155; þokaði hann um manns rúm, Vígl. 25; í dag mun ek búa rúm yðvart á himnum, Post. 656 C. 37; aldrei gékk hann ór rúmi sínu nema jarl gengi, Fs. 69; hann vann sem áðr ok sat í rúmi sínu, Orkn. 200.3. a place of rest, a bed; hann sá rekkju eina, … er þetta rúm var mátuligt, Fs. 5, 7; hann gékk til rúms síns ok lagðisk niðr í klæðum sínum, Eg. 326; síðan rannsakaði hann rúmit er hón hafði hvílt í, 566; Hallfreðr lá í lokhvílu … í því lagði Björn í rúmit, Fs. 200; var biskup færðr heim í Skálaholt, ok var gört rúm hans í kirkju, Bs. i. 63, Nj. 201, Fs.4. naut.; the ships of the ancients were divided into ‘rooms,’ one for each pair of oars; each room consisted of two ‘half-rooms’ (hálf-rými), viz. one for each oar, thus a ship of thirty ‘rooms’ had sixty oars, see Vidal. Skýr. s. v. sessum at telja; á Lang-ormi vóru fjögur rúm ok þrjá-tigi, Fms. i. 219 (fjögur rúm ens sétta tigar, Hkr. i. 294, v. l.), cp. Fms. viii. 181; hann var sjau rúm ok tuttugu, Bs. i. 30; var þat skip þrítugt at rúma tali, ok ekki mikit í sér, … þat skip kallaði hann Tranann, Hkr. i. 275; mikit skip, þar vóru sex rúm ok tuttugu, Fms. viii. 131; var þat þrítugt rúmum, 372. The interesting passage in Fms. ix. 33 (ch. 14) is an instance of ships with double rows of oars; Knútr inn ríki hafði skip furðu-liga stór, hann hafði sjálfr dreka þann er svá var mikill, at sextugr var at ruma tali … Hákon hafði annan dreka, var sá fertugr at rúma tali, Ó. H. 161: the Hálfd. Eyst. S. ch. 26 (of a ship, tirætt at rúma tali) is a mere fable: only a few of the oar-rooms are known by special names, e. g. stafn-rúm, the two fyrir-rúm (eptra ok fremra), the two austr-rúm (one fore and one aft, or even four, cp. senn jósu vér í fjórum rúmum, Fms, vi, in a verse), the klofa-rúm, krappa-rúm, q. v.; betra er autt rúm en ílla skipað, better an empty seat than an ill-filled one, cp. Landn. 82 (in a verse).COMPDS: rúmbrík, rúmfastr, rúmfjöl, rúmföt, rúmgylta, rúmrusk, rúmstafr, rúmstæði. -
3 drekka
* * *I)(drekk; drakk, drukkum; drukkinn), v.1) to drink (drekka mjöð, öl, mungát);drekka full, minni, horn, to drink a toast, cup, horn;drekka drykk, to drink a draught (þú skalt drekka af tvá drykki);drekka brjóst spena, to suck;drekka úmælt, without measure;drekka fast (mjök), to drink hard;drekka e-n af stokki, to drink one under the table;drekka sér lítit vit, drekka frá sér vit ilit, to drink away one’s reason;2) to hold, celebrate a feast (drekka veizlu, brullaup, erfi);3) with preps.:drekka af keri, to drink out of a vessel (drukku þeir af einu silfrkeri);to drink off (empty) a vessel, cup (hann tók við horninu ok drakk af);drekka á e-n, to drink to a person;refl., drekkast á, to drink to one another;impers., drekkr á e-n, one ships a sea;drekka til e-s = drekka á e-n;drekka e-t út, to consume or spend in drinking.f.1) drink, beverage;Ægis drekka, the drinking at Ægir’s.* * *u, f. drink, beverage, Edda 48: a banquet, N. G. L. i. 91, Og. 13; cp. Ægis-drekka, the banquet at Ægir, Edda. -
4 DREKKA
* * *I)(drekk; drakk, drukkum; drukkinn), v.1) to drink (drekka mjöð, öl, mungát);drekka full, minni, horn, to drink a toast, cup, horn;drekka drykk, to drink a draught (þú skalt drekka af tvá drykki);drekka brjóst spena, to suck;drekka úmælt, without measure;drekka fast (mjök), to drink hard;drekka e-n af stokki, to drink one under the table;drekka sér lítit vit, drekka frá sér vit ilit, to drink away one’s reason;2) to hold, celebrate a feast (drekka veizlu, brullaup, erfi);3) with preps.:drekka af keri, to drink out of a vessel (drukku þeir af einu silfrkeri);to drink off (empty) a vessel, cup (hann tók við horninu ok drakk af);drekka á e-n, to drink to a person;refl., drekkast á, to drink to one another;impers., drekkr á e-n, one ships a sea;drekka til e-s = drekka á e-n;drekka e-t út, to consume or spend in drinking.f.1) drink, beverage;Ægis drekka, the drinking at Ægir’s.* * *pret. drakk, pl. drukku; sup. drukkit; pres. drekk; pret. subj. drykki; [Ulf. drigkan; A. S. drinkan; Engl. drink; O. H. G. trinkan; M. H. G. trinken; Dan. drikke; Swed. dricka]:— to drink, the beverage or feast in acc.; d. mjöð, Hm. 18; mungát, el, Fms. viii. 166, Hm. 82; d. full, minni ( a toast), Eg. 552, Fms. vi. 442; d. horn, to drain, drink off a horn, a cup, Hkr. i. 35; síðan tók Kolskeggr justu eina af miði fulla ok drakk, Nj. 43; d. drykk, to drink a draught, Fms. xi. 233; eptir þat tók Þórir kalkann ok drakk af tvá drykki, Gullþ. 7; þú skalt d. af tvá drykki, id.; d. brjóst (acc.), to suck (v. brjóst-drekkr), Mar. 656 A. 23, cp. Gþl. 504.β. to hold a feast, the feast in acc.; d. Jól, Fms. vi. 100, Fagrsk. 4 (in the poem of Hornklofi); d. veizlu, Nj. ii; d. brullaup, Fms. xi. 88; d. erfi, Nj. 167.γ. denoting the mode of drinking; d. ein-menning, to drink one to one, Eg. 551; d. tví-menning, to drink two to two, id.; d. fast, to drink hard, Eb. 184; d. úmælt, to drink without measure (cp. mál-drykkja), Fms. iii. 18; d. til e-s, to drink to a person, Eg. 552, Sturl. iii. 305, Bs. i. 848, 798; d. á e-n, id., Fms. iv. 333, vi. 442 (cp. á-drykkja); d. e-n af stokki, to drink one under the table, iv. 167; d. frá sér vit, to drink one’s wits away, ix. 339, Hm. 11; the allit. phrase, d. ok dæma, to drink and chatter, Rm. 29: adding the prepp. af, ór, to drink off a cup; d. af dýra hornum, Fms. vi. 442, Eg. 206, 207: absol. to drink, hold a feast, Eg. 43.δ. impers. (vide á-drykkir) of a ship, to ship a sea, metaph., Al. 139.ε. recipr., drekkask á, to drink to one another, Hkr. ii. 249, N. G. L. i. 211, Js. 78.2. part. pass. drukkinn, drunken, tipsy, Eb. 154, Fms. i. 59, Eg. 552. -
5 EYÐA
(-dda, -ddr), v.1) to make empty (auðr), clear of, deprive of its contents (eyða allan fjörðinn bæði at mönnum ok fé); eyða bygð (bœi ok borgir, heröð), to desolate, lay waste;2) to desert, depart from (féllu sumir, en sumir eyddu hálfrýmin); eyða veizluna, to break up the feast; eyða þing, to dissolve the meeting;3) to do away with, destroy, with dat. (eyddi eldr konum ok börnum);4) to spend, squander (eyða fé, peningum);5) to render void in law, annul, with acc. or dat. (eyða vígsmál or vígsmálum);6) refl., eyðast, to come to nought; eyddist erfisgørðin fyrir honum, he let the funeral feast drop.* * *I. with dat. denoting to waste, destroy, of men or things; hann eyddi ( slew) öllum fjölkunnigum mönnum, Stj. 491, Fms. ii. 41, vii. 8; ekki muntu með þessu e. öllum sonum Haralds konungs, i. 16.β. of money; eyða fé, etc., to spend money, Eg. 70, Grág. i. 327, Nj. 29, Fms. i. 118: to squander, 655 iii. 1, Nj. 18, Fms. xi. 423, Fs. 79: reflex., hann átti land gott en eyddusk lausafé, but his loose cash went, Fms. vi. 102.II. with acc. to lay waste, desolate, or the like; upp eyða ( lay waste) alla þeirra bygð, Fms. v. 161; þá vóru eydd skip Svía-konungs átjan, eighteen of the Swedish king’s ships were made void of men, x. 353; hann eyddi bygðina, iv. 44.2. to desert, leave; en skyldi út bera ok e. skemmuna, Fms. v. 262; féllu sumir en sumir eyddu ( deserted from) hálfrýmin (in a battle), viii. 226; skip brotið eða eytt, a ship wrecked or abandoned, Grág. i. 91; en hón er nú eydd af mönnum, forlorn or deserted of men, Al. 1.β. impers., eða héruð eyði, if counties be laid waste, K. Þ. K. 38; hence eyði-hús, etc. (below).3. as a law term, of a meeting, to terminate, dissolve; ef þeir eru eigi samþinga, eðr vár-þing eru eydd, or if it be past the várþing, Grág. ii. 271; en er sá dagr kom er veizluna skyldi eyða, when men were to depart, break up the feast, Fms. xi. 331.4. a law term, eyða mál, sókn, vörn, to make a suit void by counter-pleading; e. dæmð mál, Grág. ii. 23; munu vér e. málit með öxar-hömrum, Fs. 61; ok eyðir málit fyrir Birni, 125; eyddi Broddhelgi þá enn málit, Vápn. 13; at hann vildi í því hans sök e., ef hann vildi hans mál í því e., of unlawful pleading, Grág. i. 121; vera má at Eysteinn konungr hafi þetta mál eytt með lögkrókum sínum, Fms. vii. 142; eyddusk sóknir ok varnir, Nj. 149: with dat., eytt vígsmálum, 244; hélt þá Snorri fram málinu ok eyddi bjargkviðnum, Eb. 160, Arnkels (but no doubt less correct). -
6 GJÁLFR
n. din of the sea.* * *m., gen. rs, poët. the din of the sea, the swelling waves, Sks. 148:—the sea, freq. in poëtry and in poët. compds, vide Lex. Poët.; in prose Icel. say, orða-gjálfr, ‘word-din’ empty sounding wards, flood of phrases. gjálfr-ligr, gjálfr-samr, gjálfrugr, adj. noisy, roaring, Sks. 192. Ships are gjálfr-dýr, gjálfr-marar, gjálfr-stóð, steeds of the sea, Lex. Poët.
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